In an 8 year follow-up of the 80,000 women in the Nurses Health Study the top 5th of the cohort with the resp to vitamin E intake averaging 200 IU/day had a relative risk of major coronary artery disease of .66. There is an association between supplementary ascorbic acid and vitamin E intake over the previous 5 years and the decreased risk for senile cataracts of 2 1/2 times; with regards to cataract formation, glutathione and vitamin C are present in the lens of the eye as the antioxidant enzymes glutathione peroxidase, catalase and superoxide dismutase. Individuals consuming more than 300mg/d of C or 400 IU of E have about 1/3 the risk of developing cataracts. Vitamin C has also been associated with the decreased risk of many gastrointestinal cancers.